Again consider the central angle itself and the unit circle. The horizontal component of the angle is as large as it can get, but, it's also negative. Consider the central angle itself and the unit circle. The vertical component of the angle is as large as the radius, but it's also negative.
The vertical leg is 0, so the sine is 0. The horizontal leg is the same as the radius, which is 1. The sides of the triangle can be defined by the following method. The hypotenuse side can be defined as the opposite side of a right angle. This side is usually the longest in a right triangle. The opposite to the angle of interest is also the opposite side in a triangle. The adjoining side of a triangle is its remaining side of a triangle which forms a side of the right angle and the angle of interest.
Usually, the ratio of the length of the adjoining side to the size is the cosine function of an angle. Here AOP forms an x radian which is linked to a point p a and b. While the trigonometric functions are initially defined for the angles of a triangle in radians they are extended to all real numbers, and eventually, to complex numbers. While their properties, such as the addition laws, are preserved, they eventually lose all connection with triangles.
There is a flaw in your reasoning. When doing trigonometry in a classical way we consider a right angled triangle. A "rechte hoek" is a right angle, and a "rechthoekszijde" is a side of a right angled triangle that is adjacent to its right angle so not the hypotenuse by definition. When doing classical trigonometry, in normal case but definitely also in "extreme" cases, you need to define adjacent side and opposite side in such a way that either of them can never be the hypotenuse.
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