Symptoms in people: There are two types of illness associated with roundworm in people. Ocular toxocariasis happens when roundworm larvae migrate to the eye and can cause vision loss, eye inflammation, or damage to the retina. Typically, only one eye is affected. Visceral toxocariasis happens when the roundworm larvae migrate to various body organs like the liver, lungs, or central nervous system and can cause fever, fatigue, coughing or wheezing, or abdominal pain.
Salmonellosis is caused by Salmonella bacteria, which are most commonly spread through contaminated food. Salmonella can also spread from animals, including dogs, to people and from people to people. How it spreads: Salmonella live in the intestines of people and animals. People and animals can get Salmonella by eating contaminated food, drinking contaminated water, or by touching infected animals, their poop, or contaminated items or surfaces.
Dogs and other animals that can carry Salmonella can appear healthy, but still be shedding germs that can make people sick. Salmonella can also contaminate pet food , including raw food, some brands of dry food, treats, and chew toys like pig ears.
Who is at risk: Anyone can get a Salmonella infection, but children younger than 5 years of age, adults 65 years of age and older, and people with weakened immune systems are more at risk for serious illness. Symptoms in people: People may experience diarrhea, fever, and abdominal cramps. Symptoms usually start within 6 hours—6 days after infection and last 4—7 days.
Sarcoptic mange is a parasitic skin disease caused by a tiny mite. Mites spread between animals through close contact. How it spreads: Dogs can get mange through close contact with animals infested with mites, or close contact with contaminated bedding or other materials.
Who is at risk: Dogs do not spread human scabies, but the mites that cause mange in dogs can affect a person who has close contact with an infested dog. The mite will not be able to reproduce on a person, however, and will die on its own in a couple of days. Signs in dogs: In dogs, the mite causes severe itching, hair loss, and self-inflicted wounds from scratching, especially on the ears, face, and legs.
Pets are at risk for tickborne infections, including Lyme disease , tularemia , ehrlichiosis , babesiosis , and others. Pet owners should consult with a veterinarian on appropriate products for their pets to prevent ticks; many of these products also help prevent flea infestations.
Treating pets for ticks can reduce the risk of tickborne diseases for you and your pets. How it spreads: Tickborne germs spread to a person through the bite of an infected tick. During the feeding process, small amounts of saliva pass from the tick into the skin of the animal or person. Who is at risk: People and animals, including pets, that spend time in tick habitats grassy, wooded, or brushy areas are at risk for tick exposure. Dogs may have ticks in and around the ears, around the eyelids, under collars, under front legs, between back legs, between the toes, or around the tail.
Remove ticks from pets safely and promptly to reduce disease risk. Signs in dogs: Signs of tickborne disease in dogs and other animals can vary depending on the type of infection, or they may not show any signs of illness.
Below are a few examples of tickborne diseases and their associated signs in dogs. Lyme disease : Caused by the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi , which can lead to shifting leg lameness, fever, and decreased appetite in dogs. Symptoms in people: Symptoms of tickborne diseases in people can vary, but usually include fever, chills, body aches, and sometimes a rash. Some tickborne diseases can be very serious and even deadly. See your healthcare provider if you have been in tick habitat or been bitten by a tick and develop any of these symptoms.
Before buying or adopting a dog or puppy, make sure a dog is the right type of pet for your family. Talk to your veterinarian about the right type of dog for you to make sure the dog you choose fits your lifestyle and needs. Be aware that dogs can sometimes carry germs that can make people sick , even when they appear clean and healthy. Visit your veterinarian for routine care to keep your dog healthy and to prevent infectious diseases. Cleaning up after your dog helps to keep the environment clean and reduces the risk of diseases spreading to people and other animals.
Dog bites can cause pain and injury, but they can also spread germs that cause infection. Nearly 1 in 5 people bitten by a dog requires medical attention. Any dog can bite especially when scared, nervous, eating, or when playing or protecting toys or puppies. Any dog can bite, but most dog bites are preventable, and there are many things you can do at home and within your community to help prevent them.
Practicing the safe handling tips below can help you avoid dog bites. Children are more likely than adults to be bitten by a dog, and when they are, the injuries can be more severe.
Most dog bites affecting young children occur during everyday activities and while interacting with familiar dogs. Having a dog in the household is linked to a higher likelihood of being bitten than not having a dog. As the number of dogs in the home increases, so does the likelihood of being bitten.
Adults with two or more dogs in the household are five times more likely to be bitten than those living without dogs at home. Among adults, men are more likely than women to be bitten by a dog. If an unfamiliar dog approaches you, stay still and be calm, and avoid direct eye contact with the dog.
Slowly raise your hands to your neck with your elbows in and wait for the dog to pass or slowly back away. Germs can be spread from dog bites and scratches, even if the wound does not seem deep or serious. Keeping your dog healthy helps to keep you and your family healthy. To learn how to stay healthy around dogs, visit the Healthy People section. Make sure to tell your veterinarian if the pet was adopted internationally.
Thoroughly clean the area your pet lived in. Visit the Healthy People section for information about staying healthy around dogs. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Healthy Pets, Healthy People. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Dogs with canine influenza develop coughing, a fever and a snotty nose, which are the same signs observed when a dog has kennel cough. There is a vaccine for canine influenza, but at this time it is not recommended for every dog.
Consult your veterinarian to determine if the canine influenza vaccine is recommended for your dog. Fortunately, there is a vaccine for parvo. It is considered a "core" vaccine and is recommended for every dog. There are many approved products available to effectively prevent and treat external parasites on dogs. Consult your veterinarian about the best product for your dog. Cheyletiella mites cause "walking dandruff" on dogs itching and flaky skin on the dog's trunk.
They are spread from dog to dog by direct contact, and may require more aggressive treatment than fleas. In general, the fungus infects the body through the respiratory tract and causes fever, coughing, lethargy and flu-like or pneumonia-like signs.
If eaten, digestive problems e. Immunosuppressed dogs dogs whose immune systems are weakened because of disease or certain medications are much more likely to become infected with these fungi and develop disease. Signs of heatstroke include excessive panting and drooling, anxiousness, weakness, abnormal gum color darker red or even purple , collapse and death. Any dog showing signs of heatstroke should be immediately taken to a shaded area and cooled with cold, wet towels that are wrung out and rewetted every few minutes.
Running cool water over the dog's body and quickly wiping it away so the water absorbs the skin's heat and is immediately wiped away can also help. Transport the dog to a veterinarian immediately, because heatstroke can rapidly become deadly. These worms can cause malnutrition because they steal nutrients as food is being digested and diarrhea, and hookworms can cause blood loss. There are many products available to treat worms, and you should consult their veterinarian for the appropriate products for your pets.
Coccidia and Giardia are single-celled parasites that damage the lining of the intestine. Dogs can become infected with coccidia by eating infected soil or licking contaminated paws or fur. Puppies are at the highest risk of infection and illness. There are vaccines for kennel cough, but not all dogs need to receive the vaccine. Consult your veterinarian about whether or not the kennel cough Bordetella vaccine is right for your dog.
Fortunately, rabies infection is preventable with vaccination. Many local and state governments require regular rabies vaccination for dogs. Robert Belden, Dr. This information has been prepared as a service by the American Veterinary Medical Association. Redistribution is acceptable, but the document's original content and format must be maintained, and its source must be prominently identified.
New veterinarian Answers to the questions you're facing as you start out in your professional life. Rising professional Early-career resources to continue your professional and personal growth. Is my dog really that risky? That being said, your chance of contracting a zoonotic illness does increase if you have a compromised immune system due to a pre-existing disease or medical condition.
Examples include:. It just means that you need to be extra cautious around your pet. Besides, there are a lot of studies out there that have proven that the benefits of having a pet, especially if suffering from chronic illness, are immeasurable. In fact, sometimes doctors actually recommend pets for their sick patients.
Make sure you use that pooper-scooper! While healthy individuals seem to have little problem fighting it off, severe diseases such as septicaemia have been reported by doctors in the elderly and those with pre-existing health conditions. These reports make unpleasant reading , but the quicker the bacterial infection is spotted the better the chances of a patient surviving. While comparatively rare in the UK, leptospirosis is a bacterial infection that can be fatal in dogs and can potentially be passed to their human owners.
All calls are answered by registered veterinary nurses with a minimum of three years of practical experience. They can give information on a whole range of issues. Giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis. These are both gut diseases caused by parasites passed on by pets. Diarrhoea and stomach pain are the most common symptoms of these infections.
People with weak immune system problems such as through HIV infection, cancer or following organ transplants are likely to be most severely affected.
A potentially devastating illness caused by a parasite passed on by contact with a cat's faeces. Careful handling of cat litter will avoid many infections. Pregnant women, in particular, need to be wary as toxoplasmosis can cause miscarriage, premature births and severe illness and blindness in new-born children. As with any infection, those with a weakened immune system are most at risk of severe complications.
The parasitic roundworm Toxacara found more commonly in the intestines of dogs and cats is the cause of this illness. In turn the eggs end up in soil or sand where humans, particularly children, come into contact with them. Most people develop no or only mild symptoms including a cough, high temperature, headaches and stomach pain. However, in rare cases other organs such as the liver, lungs, eyes or brain can become infected and cause severe symptoms — such as reduced vision and in some cases blindness.
Dogs and cats should be de-wormed regularly as part of responsible pet ownership. Despite its name, this skin disease is not caused by a worm but rather by a fungus found in the soil and on the skin of infected humans and pets. Children tend to be more susceptible to ringworm infections and it can easily be transmitted through touch. The main symptom of ringworm is a rash that can be scaly, dry, swollen or itchy. Blisters can form and it can affect the feet, groin, scalp and nails or elsewhere on the body.
Treatment is usually with an antifungal cream, gel or spray depending on the rash location.
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